2022/03/26

南亞/聯合國成員國

伊朗伊斯蘭共和國

Islamic Republic of Iran

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基本資料

建國年份

1979

官方語言

波斯語

幣別

伊朗里亞爾IRR

宗教

伊斯蘭教(國教/什葉派為主)

政體

神權共和 總統制

最高領袖

最高領袖(軍事/外交/內政)
總統(內政)

國家介紹

勘誤區

英語音訊中國家成立時間口誤,正確為1979年

位於南亞,20世紀前國際大多稱為「波斯」。1979年伊朗爆發革命,最後由霍梅尼掌權建立伊斯蘭共和國,自此建立政教合一國家(宗教的最高領袖同時擔任國家元首)。是世界前十大石油生產國,國內生產毛額居世界前25名。因發展核武與美國敵對等關係,遭到美國嚴格制裁,西方各國積極協調中。為伊斯蘭教什葉派大國,積極爭取在中東的政治與宗教地位。被西方國家認為長期扶持多個武裝組織干預中東各國內戰。

Year Founded: 1979

Situated in South Asia and formerly known as Persia before the 20th century, revolution broke out in Iran in 1979, leading to Rouhollah Khomeini taking power and establishing the Islamic Republic of Iran as a state where the supreme ruler of the country also controls the religious hierarchy. As one of the world’s top 10 crude oil producing states, Iran’s GDP ranks in the top 25 in the world. Iran’s relationship with the U.S. is hostile. The U.S. levied severe sanctions on its economy due to its developments in nuclear technology, and western countries have served as negotiating intermediaries. A major country practicing Shia Islam, Iran works actively to raise its politial and religious status in the Middle East. Iran is believed by Western countries to have supported many of the civil wars in the Middle East countries over the years by covertly supplying armed forces. 

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